Improvement in steam-boilers



UNITED, STATES PATENT OFEEICE.

BYRON DENSMORE, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-BOILERS.

Specilicatiou forming part f Letters Patent No. 39.895, dated September l5, 1863; antedated i July l5, 1863.

.To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that l, BYRON DENsMoRE, of the city of Rochester, in the county of Monroe 'aid State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in SteamBoilers; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a perspective View; Fig. 2, a longitudinal elevation; Fig. 3, a transverse horizontal section, showing the lower tubehead and the tire-grate 5 and Fig. 4, atransverse horizontal section through the center of the boiler, showing the upper tube-head and the tire-due and the opening out of the tube cylinder into the upper part of the boiler.

The same letters represent corresponding parts in each of the figures.

Thisis an upright tubular boiler, the lower portion thereof as high up as to the top of the tire-box is of conical form. From there up it is cylindrical. The height of the conical portion will always be about equal to the diameter of the bottom of the boiler and the diameter of the tubefcylinder AV about half the diameter of the bottom of the boiler. The length of tube required toabsorb the head will depend upon the size of the boiler and the size of the tube. For a boiler seven feet diameter at bottom and tubes two inches diameter the tubes should be about've feet long, and for a boiler six feet diameter nand tubes the same size they should be about four andV and a half feet long, and for a boiler eight feet diameter twoinch tubes should be about five and a half feet long, and for a boiler twelve feet diameter at bottom and three-inch tubes the tubes should be eight or eight and a half feet long. The crown-sheet of the fire-box should be enough above the upper tube-head to give room to expand the tubes, never less than one and a half feet and never more than three anda half feet. In a boiler six feet diameter at bottom I put in about one hundred two-inch tubes, in one seven feet diameter about one hundred and forty tubes. A boiler twelve feet diameter at bottom would require about one hundred and sixty three-inch tubes. The tube-cylinder A is set on the angle ofthe side of the cone and forms the outside shell of the boiler from b b. The outside plate of the boiler rivets to the cylinder A at b b and the lining ofthe fire-box at c c. The upper tubehead, instead of iilling the cylinder all the way around, is cut on the line 2 2, leaving an open space outside ofthat line to afford circulation between the tube-cylinder and the upper portion of the boiler.

G is the tire-grate 5 W, waterfspace; E, iirejacket; F, outside jacket; VH, smoke-stack; L, water-line; R R, stops between thejackets.

The operation of the boiler is as follows: The heat ascends to the top of the fire-box from the grate, is then thrown down through the inclined tubes; thence up through the iiue M, which incloses all of the boiler except a small portion of the lower part around the fire-door.

The object of the outside jacket is to carry the heat that is radiated from the inside jacketinto the re, thus obviating the inconvenience of heating the f1re-room, and also saving the heat so radiated. This jacket may be used or not, but when used, instead of admitting the air directly from the outside to the grate cold it is admitted at O, and passes upward on that side of the boiler over, the top of the stops R R, between the jackets and down on the other side of the boiler, and is thus heated before entering the tire; or the damper under the tiredoor may be removed and the air admitted directly to the grate from the outside. This arrangement of boiler gives a very large amount of heating-surface in the tire-box, most of it inclining over the fire, thus giving a stronger radiation against it than if it was perpendicular, and gives a large, roomy re-box of the form most favorable for a perfect coinbustion-that is, thetirebox is gradually contracted. as it ascends, so that at the top of the tube-cylinder it is only large enough to give the requisite size of ilue, which causes at this point, together with the undulations in the current in the up-` per portion of the tire-box, a perfect mingling of the gases from the coal or wood with the oxygen of the air; also, ample time for a perfect combustion. Another thing gained in this arrangement is a large portion ofthe heat is absorbed before it strikes the tube-head, and striking the head on the upper side, and there being no sediment or scale accumulat to heat the water in the bottom of said cylinder, only what heat gets down through the tubes 5 hence the heat is taken up closer into the boiler than in any other form of boiler known. Then what there is left of the heat after it passes the tubes :is used to keep the boiler warm and prevent the external surface of the boiler from condensing the steam generated by the internal heating-surface.

The jackets are made of sheet-iron, either No. l141: or 16, or even lighter will answer' for the outside jacket, or it may be made of tin, which is better on account of the reflection. The section ot' 'the tubecylinder a where the water comes on both sides of the plate, the plate is cut outl or perforated, so as to give a perfect circulation of the water between the cylinder and the other portion of the bottom part of the boiler.

Y is a man-hole for the purpose of clearing the lower end of the tube-cylinder; X, redoor. The smoke-stack rests on legs on the top of the boiler.

In case of using` bituminous coal or any fuel requiring air admitted to the fire above the grate in'order to consume the gases, I use hollow stay-bolts in the tire-box with air-passages through the center of the bolts.

I do'not claim diving tlues in steamboilers, either standing perpendicularly or on an ineline; but

I claim- 1. The tubecylinder A, when attached to the side of the tire-box with the tubes therein standing either perpendicularly or inclined,

the tire passing up over said cylinder, thenl down through the tubes, as described.

2. The arrangement of the re-box and grate, in combination with the tube-cylinder, as described.

3 The outside jacket, iu combination with tl e stops R R and the insidejacket, E, for the purposes set forth, as described.

BYRON DENSMORE. 

